NANOMATERIALS AND SYNTHESIS OF HYBRID TECHNOLOGIES IN SHAPING PARTS OF TRANSPORT ENGINEERING

Abstract

In modern railway transport, ensuring the quality, reliability, and durability of rolling stock (RS) and track machines (TM) is critical. Effective management of manufacturing processes for parts, components, and assemblies is possible through the implementation of additive and nanotechnologies, as well as flexible manufacturing systems integrated with modern information management and transport systems. The study aims to analyze and improve engineering processes in railway transport by using traditional, additive, and nanotechnologies to enhance the quality of parts. Specific objectives include: investigating the potential of additive technologies (3D printing) to produce complex components; evaluating the effectiveness of nanotechnologies to improve strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of parts and assemblies; developing and optimizing quality control methods using modern sensors and devices, including industrial computed tomography; assessing the economic impact of implementing nanostructured coatings and advanced production processes. Additive technologies allow the production of complex parts and reduce the weight of components without compromising strength. Nanotechnologies enable the formation of defect-free materials and nanoscale structures, increasing durability and service life of parts by 2–5 times. Quality control is performed via surface diagnostics and incoming material inspection. The introduction of nanostructured coatings on cutting tools, springs, and railway components improves wear resistance, strength, and reliability. Modern synthesis and material processing methods reduce production costs, extend maintenance intervals, and enhance the efficiency of railway engineering. Integration of traditional, additive, and nanotechnologies with advanced control and management systems improves the quality, reliability, and economic efficiency of railway transport component production. Technologies such as ultra-high-strength springs and nanocoatings ensure longevity, reliability, and enhanced performance of RS and TM under the conditions of JSC “Russian Railways.”